What Is a Dilation Calculator?

A dilation calculator finds the new position of a point or shape after a dilation — a transformation that enlarges or shrinks a figure by a scale factor about a fixed center point. Dilations preserve shape but change size, and they are a key topic in geometry. Enter the point's coordinates, the center of dilation, and the scale factor, and the calculator returns the dilated coordinates.

How to Use the Calculator

  1. Enter the original point coordinates (x, y).
  2. Enter the center of dilation (often the origin).
  3. Enter the scale factor.
  4. Calculate — see the new coordinates.

The Dilation Formula

For a dilation about the origin with scale factor k, each coordinate is multiplied by k:

(x, y) → (kx, ky)

For a center (a, b), the formula is (a + k(x − a), b + k(y − b)), which moves each point along the line from the center, scaled by k.

What the Scale Factor Does

Scale Factor kEffect
k > 1Enlargement (figure grows)
k = 1No change
0 < k < 1Reduction (figure shrinks)
k < 0Enlargement/reduction with a 180° flip

Properties of Dilations

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a dilation in geometry?

A dilation is a transformation that enlarges or shrinks a figure by a scale factor about a fixed center, preserving shape but changing size.

How do you dilate a point?

For a dilation about the origin, multiply both coordinates by the scale factor: (x, y) becomes (kx, ky). For other centers, scale the distance from the center.

What does the scale factor do?

A scale factor greater than 1 enlarges the figure, between 0 and 1 shrinks it, and a negative factor also flips it 180° about the center.

Does dilation change angles?

No — dilations preserve angles and overall shape, so the image is similar to the original; only the size changes.

Is this dilation calculator free?

Yes — it is completely free, requires no signup, and finds dilated coordinates.